CLASS 7TH DAY 5
INTRODUCTION
Topics:
- A word with the food: Nutrition
- Understanding images: Image on a spoon
- 16 soldiers
A word with the food: Nutrition
What is nutrition?
Your daily food choices affect your health — how you feel today, tomorrow, and in the future. Nutrition is defined as the food which is at work in the body and is one of the most important contributors to human health.
In addition to managing weight, blood pressure and cholesterol, a healthy diet can help prevent and manage a number of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) such as diabetes, heart disease, stroke, and some cancers.
What is a calorie?
We hear about calories all the time: How many calories are in this cookie? How many are burned by doing 100 jumping jacks, or long-distance running, or fidgeting? But what is a calorie, really? And how many of them do we actually need? Emma Bryce explains how a few different factors should go into determining the recommended amount for each person.
Why is nutrition important?
A well-known saying “you are what you eat”. A diet is healthy when it’s well-balanced and has all the vital nutrients in proper proportion. A Good diet is absolutely vital for physical and psychological growth, and it permits individuals to reach their full potential (e.g. at school and at work). Almost half (45%) of all deaths amongst children under the age of five are linked to undernutrition.
Food we eat acts as fuel and provide essential nutrients and act as:
- Energy-giving foods – Carbohydrates, Fats– Energy is required for all the activities of the body, like walking, running, which we perform or activities like breathing, etc.
- Body-building foods – Proteins, Minerals– Proteins help in building up and maintaining muscles, bones and organs. Minerals like iron, phosphorus affect the formation of the blood – skeleton tissue (bones).
- Protective foods – Vitamins, Minerals – These are essential for safeguarding the body against diseases.
- Regulatory foods – Water, Roughage– Water is required to regulate body processes such as digestion, excretion, maintenance of the body temperature and the electrolyte balance. Roughage helps normal body movements.
Important Nutrients required by the body:
- Carbohydrates
- Proteins
- Fats
- Vitamins and Minerals
- Water
- Roughage
What to eat and what not to?
Since we need all of the vitamins in appropriate portions, we should not eat anything we could and so it is important for us to know what to eat and what to avoid. As acknowledged above our diet should have all of the parts, carbohydrates, proteins, fats and nutritional vitamins and minerals together with water and roughage. Refer to the list below for the meals items you could add to your food plan.
Carbohydrates rich foods –
- Cereals like wheat, brown rice, maize, whole wheat bread, jowar, ragi (Complex) rice, noodles, white flour, biscuits, pasta etc are simple carbohydrate
- Starch, arrowroot, vegetables like potato, sweet potato, and yam
- Fats and oils: Butter, vanaspati, ghee, cooking oils
- Sugar, jaggery, honey
Protein rich foods –
- Milk and milk products like milk, curd, cheese, buttermilk
- Pulses and legumes-soybeans, grams, groundnuts and other nuts & seeds
- Meats-fish, chicken, mutton, eggs
Vitamins & minerals rich foods-
- Whole milk and milk products.
- All green leafy vegetables.
- Coloured fruits & vegetables like mangoes, papaya, carrots, etc.
- Pulses
- Sprouted pulses
- Almonds
- Milk and milk products
- Bengal gram whole
- Til
- Rice flakes
Facts about Nutrition:
- When somebody has a diet that’s excessive in fiber, this can help prevent him or her from turning into overweight, particularly when he/she is also doing sports or other bodily exercises.
- WHO and FAO recommend that people should eat at least 400 g of fruit and greens per day, which includes pulses and other legumes. This is equivalent to consuming about 25 g of dietary fibre per day.
Nutritional Calculations : How to Calculate Nutritional Values:-
Food labels give a few nutritional values based on a standard 2,000 calories per day, but you can also calculate the percentages of each nutrient on your own. See how it’s done in this video on nutritional calculations. Click LEARN MORE.
How to Create a Healthy plate?
A healthy plate is an easy way to control portion sizes. Fill half your plate with non starchy vegetables, one quarter with lean protein, and one with whole grains for a healthy eating plan. Click on LEARN MORE to clear the doubts.
8 Health Benefits Of Drinking Water:
Wondering how to lose weight? Water has many different health benefits, but not enough people know about all these health benefits. It is pretty common knowledge that the majority of the human body is composed of water. To know more click on LEARN MORE.
Is Overcooked food Good for us?
Overcooking or charring the food from outside is in trend because it adds a smoky flavor and enhances the taste. However, experts believe that overcooking can have negative health effects.
Firstly, the longer you cook, the more nutrient loss occurs. Secondly, overcooked food is hard to digest and metabolize. Thirdly, when we cook starchy food at high temperatures for longer periods, the naturally occurring sugar and amino acids react to form harmful carcinogens like acrylamides. Whereas, overcooking of meat causes sugar, amino acids and a substance called creatine to react, producing carcinogens called heterocyclic amines. Lastly, while grilling, fat from the meat can drip onto the burning coal, leading to the production of carcinogens called polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.
Understanding images: Image on spoon
You all must have used a spoon to eat your favorite ice cream, but today we will learn about how we could see ourselves in a spoon. Isn’t it interesting? Lets see how we could do this, for this we will be needing a spoon only.
Follow the procedure to see you image in spoon (and observe the differences):
1. Take a shining stainless spoon.
2. Look at the back of the spoon.
3. Now try tilting the spoon up and down, side to side and take it closer to you and moving it backwards. Observe the changes in the image.
4. Now look at the front of the spoon.
5. Again try tilting the spoon up and down, side to side and take it closer to you and moving it backwards. Observe the changes in the image.
Theory
How is an image formed?
Images are formed when light falls on a mirror from the object (here it is you) and is reflected back by the mirror on the screen(here it is your eye)
Types of curved mirrors
- Concave Mirror
- Convex Mirror
The concave mirror is curved like the inner surface of the ball(see the left side of the above picture). The convex is curved like the outer surface of the ball (see the right side of the above picture)
Owing to the differences in the type of image obtained for various positions, different needs are fulfilled by these and so they are used according to the need, like when we need to magnify something then we use Concave Mirror and if we need to have a look at a larger space then we can use Convex Mirror.
Concave mirror produces a magnified image when an object is kept close to the mirror, unlike a convex mirror which always produces diminished images.
Uses
Car’s Rear View Mirror: A convex type mirror is used as a rear view mirror, which will help the driver to have a clear look of a much wider space behind the car, because a convex mirror produces diminished images.(If you think that mirror is not curved, touch and see yourself.) Think about the feasibility of using a concave mirror as a rear view mirror in a car.
Dentist’s mirror : A concave mirror is used as a dentist’s mirror, which will help the dentist to have a clear and magnified look of your mouth. Think will the need of the dentist be fulfilled if he has used a convex mirror.
Traffic Mirror: A convex mirror is used as a traffic mirror, which helps the driver to know the traffic on the other side , at turns, so as to avoid accidents. Think what will happen if we use a concave mirror.
To access the video on how to use a spoon to see your image, Click on LEARN MORE.
FUN ACTIVITY: Sixteen Soldiers
BOARD
An expanded Alquerque board is used. Two triangle boards are attached to two opposite sides of an Alquerque board. Each player has 16 pieces that are distinguishable from the other player. Pieces are placed on the intersections (or “points”) of the board, specifically on their half of the Alquerque board, and the nearest triangular board.
RULES
The following rules are based upon Parker’s description:
- Players alternate their turns
- A player may only use one of their pieces in a turn, and must either make a move or perform a capture but not both.
- A piece may move onto any vacant adjacent point along a line.
- A piece may capture an opposing piece by the short leap as in draughts or Alquerque. The piece must be adjacent to the opposing piece, and leap over it onto a vacant point immediately beyond. The leap must be in a straight line and follow the pattern on the board. Captures are not mandatory. A piece can continue to capture within the same turn, and may stop capturing any time. The captured piece (or pieces) is removed from the board.
- The player who captures all of the other player’s pieces wins.
If you need any help to understand the game follow the link below: